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螳螂捕蝉 táng láng chán the mantis stalks the cicada, unaware of the oriole behind (idiom, from Daoist classic Zhuangzi 莊子|庄子[Zhuang1 zi3]); to pursue a narrow gain while neglecting a greater danger
鼓盆之戚 pén zhī drumming on a bowl in grief (idiom, refers to Zhuangzi 莊子|庄子[Zhuang1 zi3] grieving for his lost wife) / fig. grief for a lost wife
老庄 Lǎo Zhuāng Laozi and Zhuangzi (or Lao-tze and Chuang-tze), the founders of Daoism
道家 Dào jiā Daoist School of the Warring States Period (475-221 BC), based on the teachings of Laozi or Lao-tze 老子[Lao3 zi3] (c. 500 BC-) and Zhuangzi 莊子|庄子[Zhuang1 zi3] (369-286 BC)
庄周 Zhuāng Zhōu same as Zhuangzi 莊子|庄子[Zhuang1 zi3] (369-286 BC), Daoist author
庄子 Zhuāng Zhuangzi (369-286 BC), Daoist author
庄子 zhuāng zi (coll.) village; hamlet / CL:座[zuo4]
诸子 zhū various sages / refers to the classical schools of thought, e.g. Confucianism 儒[ru2] represented by Confucius 孔子[Kong3 zi3] and Mencius 孟子[Meng4 zi3], Daoism 道[dao4] by Laozi 老子[Lao3 zi3] and Zhuangzi 莊子|庄子[Zhuang1 zi3], Mohism 墨[mo4] by Mozi 墨子[Mo4 zi3], Legalism 法[fa3] by Sunzi 孫子|孙子[Sun1 zi3] and Han Feizi 韓非子|韩非子[Han2 Fei1 zi3], and numerous others
沉鱼落雁 chén luò yàn lit. fish sink, goose alights (idiom, from Zhuangzi 莊子|庄子[Zhuang1 zi3]); fig. female beauty captivating even the birds and beasts
君子之交 jūn zhī jiāo friendship between gentlemen, insipid as water (idiom, from Zhuangzi 莊子|庄子[Zhuang1 zi3])
探骊得珠 tàn zhū to pluck a pearl from the black dragon (idiom, from Zhuangzi); fig. to pick out the salient points (from a tangled situation) / to see through to the nub
得鱼忘筌 wàng quán lit. catch fish then forget the trap (idiom, from Zhuangzi 莊子|庄子[Zhuang1 zi3]); fig. to take help for granted
吐故纳新 xīn lit. to breathe out stale air and breathe in fresh (idiom, from Zhuangzi 莊子|庄子[Zhuang1 zi3]); fig. to get rid of the old and bring in the new
哀莫大于心死 āi xīn nothing sadder than a withered heart (idiom attributed to Confucius by Zhuangzi 莊子|庄子[Zhuang1 zi3]) / no greater sorrow than a heart that never rejoices / the worst sorrow is not as bad as an uncaring heart / nothing is more wretched than apathy
吊诡 diào guǐ bizarre / paradoxical / a paradox (from Daoist classic Zhuangzi 莊子|庄子[Zhuang1 zi3])
窃钩者诛,窃国者侯 qiè gōu zhě zhū , qiè guó zhě hóu steal a hook and they hang you, steal the whole country and they make you a prince (idiom, from Daoist classic Zhuangzi 莊子|庄子[Zhuang1 zi3])
鼓盆 pén lit. to drum on a bowl / refers to Zhuangzi 莊子|庄子[Zhuang1 zi3] grieving for his lost wife / fig. grief for a lost wife
进退有常 jìn tuì yǒu cháng to advance or retreat, each has its rules (idiom from Zhuangzi); many translations are possible
庄老 Zhuāng Lǎo Zhuangzi and Laozi, the Daoist masters
诸子十家 zhū shí jiā various sages and ten schools of thought / refers to the classical schools of thought, e.g. Confucianism 儒[ru2] represented by Confucius 孔子[Kong3 zi3] and Mencius 孟子[Meng4 zi3], Daoism 道[dao4] by Laozi 老子[Lao3 zi3] and Zhuangzi 莊子|庄子[Zhuang1 zi3], Mohism 墨[mo4] by Mozi 墨子[Mo4 zi3], Legalism 法[fa3] by Sunzi 孫子|孙子[Sun1 zi3] and Han Feizi 韓非子|韩非子[Han2 Fei1 zi3], and numerous others
进退中绳 jìn tuì zhōng shéng to advance or retreat, each has its rules (idiom from Zhuangzi); many translations are possible
只可意会,不可言传 zhǐ huì , yán chuán can be understood, but not described (idiom, from Zhuangzi 莊子|庄子[Zhuang1 zi3]); mysterious and subtle
可以意会,不可言传 huì , yán chuán can be understood, but not described (idiom, from Zhuangzi 莊子|庄子[Zhuang1 zi3]); mysterious and subtle
君子之交淡如水 jūn zhī jiāo dàn shuǐ a gentleman's friendship, insipid as water (idiom, from Zhuangzi 莊子|庄子[Zhuang1 zi3])
无用之树 yòng zhī shù useless person (originally from Zhuangzi's "A Happy Excursion" 逍遙遊|逍遥游)


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