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秦 | Qín | surname Qin / Qin dynasty (221-207 BC) of the first emperor 秦始皇[Qin2 Shi3huang2] / short name for 陝西|陕西[Shan3xi1] |
函谷关 | Hán gǔ Guān | Hangu Pass in modern day Henan Province, strategic pass forming the eastern gate of the Qin State during the Warring States Period (770-221 BC) |
狄 | Dí | surname Di / generic name for northern ethnic minorities during the Qin and Han Dynasties (221 BC-220 AD) |
钦 | Qīn | surname Qin |
秦汉 | Qín Hàn | the Qin (221-207 BC) and Han (206 BC-220 AD) dynasties |
秦朝 | Qín cháo | Qin Dynasty (221-207 BC) |
匈奴 | Xiōng nú | Xiongnu, a people of the Eastern Steppe who created an empire that flourished around the time of the Qin and Han dynasties |
秦国 | Qín guó | the state of Qin, one of the seven states of the Warring States Period (475-220 BC) |
巴蜀 | Bā shǔ | Sichuan / originally two provinces of Qin and Han |
秦安 | Qín ān | Qin'an county in Tianshui 天水[Tian1 shui3], Gansu |
商鞅 | Shāng Yāng | Shang Yang (c. 390-338 BC), legalist philosopher and statesman of the state of Qin 秦國|秦国[Qin2 guo2], whose reforms paved the way for the eventual unification of the Chinese empire by the Qin dynasty 秦朝|秦朝[Qin2 chao2] |
翟 | Dí | surname Di / variant of 狄[Di2], generic name for northern ethnic minorities during the Qin and Han Dynasties (221 BC-220 AD) |
秦代 | Qín dài | Qin dynasty (221-207 BC), founded by the first emperor Qin Shihuang 秦始皇[Qin2 Shi3 huang2], the first dynasty to rule the whole of China |
秦篆 | Qín zhuàn | seal script as unified by the Qin dynasty / the small seal 小篆 and great seal 大篆 |
先秦 | xiān Qín | pre-Qin, Chinese history up to the foundation of the Qin imperial dynasty in 221 BC |
小篆 | xiǎo zhuàn | the small or lesser seal, the form of Chinese character standardized by the Qin dynasty |
琴瑟 | qín sè | qin and se, two string instruments that play in perfect harmony / marital harmony |
沁县 | Qìn xiàn | Qin county in Changzhi 長治|长治[Chang2 zhi4], Shanxi |
古音 | gǔ yīn | ancient (esp. pre-Qin) pronunciation of a Chinese character / classical speech sounds |
前秦 | Qián Qín | Former Qin of the Sixteen Kingdoms (351-395) |
断弦 | duàn xián | widowed / lit. broken string, cf 琴瑟[qin2 se4] qin and se, two instruments epitomizing marital harmony |
苻坚 | Fú Jiān | Fu Jian (338-385), emperor of Former Qin 前秦[Qian2 Qin2], reigning from 357-385 |
大篆 | dà zhuàn | the great seal / used narrowly for 籀文 / used broadly for many pre-Qin scripts |
朝秦暮楚 | zhāo Qín mù Chǔ | serve Qin in the morning Chu in the evening (idiom); quick to switch sides |
猃狁 | Xiǎn yǔn | Zhou Dynasty term for a northern nomadic tribe later called the Xiongnu 匈奴[Xiong1 nu2] in the Qin and Han Dynasties |