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启蒙 méng to instruct the young / to initiate / to awake sb from ignorance / to free sb from prejudice or superstition / primer / enlightened / the Enlightenment / Western learning from the late Qing dynasty
雍正 Yōng zhèng Yongzheng, reign name of Qing emperor (1722-1735)
教案 jiào àn lesson plan / teaching plan / a "missionary case" (a dispute over Christian missionaries during the late Qing)
周济 Zhōu Zhou Ji (1781-1839), Qing writer and poet
巡抚 xún inspector-general of province in Ming and Qing times
哥老会 lǎo huì late-Qing underground resistance movement against the Qing dynasty
圣祖 Shèng Shengzu, temple name of the second Qing emperor, known as the Kangxi Emperor (1654-1722) / cf. 康熙[Kang1 xi1]
新军 Xīn jūn New Armies (modernized Qing armies, trained and equipped according to Western standards, founded after Japan's victory in the First Sino-Japanese War in 1895)
奕𬣞 zhǔ given name of Qing Emperor Xianfeng 咸豐|咸丰[Xian2 feng1]
老残游记 Lǎo Cán Yóu The Travels of Lao Tsan, novel by late Qing novelist Liu E 劉鶚|刘鹗[Liu2 E4]
赵翼 Zhào Zhao Yi (1727-1814), Qing dynasty poet and historian, one of Three great poets of the Qianlong era 乾嘉三大家
书院 shū yuàn academy of classical learning (Tang Dynasty - Qing Dynasty)
纳兰性德 lán Xìng Nalan Xingde (1655-1685), Manchu ethnic Qing dynasty poet
后金 Hòu Jīn Later Jin dynasty (from 1616-) / Manchu Khanate or kingdom that took over as Qing dynasty in 1644
Qīng Qing (Wade-Giles: Ch'ing) dynasty of China (1644-1911) / surname Qing
banner / flag / (in Qing times) Manchu (cf. 八旗[Ba1 qi2]) / administrative subdivision in inner Mongolia equivalent to 縣|县[xian4] county / CL:面[mian4]
乾隆 Qián lóng the Qianlong era / Qianlong Emperor (1711-1799), sixth Qing emperor, princely title 寶親王|宝亲王[Bao3 Qin1wang2], personal name 弘曆|弘历[Hong2li4], reigned 1735-1799
明清 Míng Qīng the Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644-1911) dynasties
格格 ge princess (loanword from Manchu, used in the Qing Dynasty)
船政学堂 Chuán zhèng Xué táng Fuzhou Naval College, a.k.a. Foochow Naval Dockyard School, set up in 1866 by the Qing dynasty
老总 lǎo zǒng boss / sir (person with a leading role in an organization) / (after a surname) high ranking commander in the PLA / (Qing dynasty) high ranking government official / (old) courteous term used by the general populace in addressing a rank-and-file soldier or police officer
常胜军 cháng shèng jūn Ever Victorious Army (1860-1864), Qing dynasty army equipped and trained jointly with Europeans and used esp. against the Taiping rebels
江南 Jiāng nán south of Changjiang or Yangtze river / south of the lower reaches of Changjiang / often refers to south Jiangsu, south Anhui and north Zhejiang provinces / a province during Qing times / in literature, refers to the sunny south / Gangnam (district in Seoul, South Korea)
大清 Qīng Great Qing dynasty (1644-1911)
儿女英雄传 Ér Yīng xióng Zhuàn The Gallant Maid, novel by Manchu-born Qing dynasty writer 文康[Wen2 Kang1]


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