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儒家 | Rú jiā | Confucian school, founded by Confucius 孔子[Kong3 zi3] (551-479 BC) and Mencius 孟子[Meng4 zi3] (c. 372-c. 289 BC) |
亚圣 | yà shèng | Second Sage, traditional title of Mencius 孟子[Meng4 zi3] in Confucian studies |
十三经 | Shí sān jīng | the Thirteen Confucian Classics, namely: Book of Songs 詩經|诗经[Shi1 jing1], Book of History 尚書|尚书[Shang4 shu1], Rites of Zhou 周禮|周礼[Zhou1 li3], Rites and Ceremonies 儀禮|仪礼[Yi2 li3], Classic of Rites 禮記|礼记[Li3 ji4], Book of Changes 易經|易经[Yi4 jing1], Mr Zuo's Annals 左傳|左传[Zuo3 Zhuan4], Mr Gongyang's Annals 公羊傳|公羊传[Gong1 yang2 Zhuan4], Mr Guliang's Annals 穀梁傳|谷梁传[Gu3 liang2 Zhuan4], The Analects 論語|论语[Lun2 yu3], Erya 爾雅|尔雅[Er3 ya3], Classic of Filial Piety 孝經|孝经[Xiao4 jing1], Mencius 孟子[Meng4 zi3] |
四书 | Sì shū | Four Books, namely: the Great Learning 大學|大学, the Doctrine of the Mean 中庸, the Analects of Confucius 論語|论语, and Mencius 孟子 |
出尔反尔 | chū ěr fǎn ěr | old: to reap the consequences of one's words (idiom, from Mencius); modern: to go back on one's word / to blow hot and cold / to contradict oneself / inconsistent |
守望相助 | shǒu wàng xiāng zhù | to keep watch and defend one another (idiom, from Mencius); to join forces to defend against external aggressors / mutual help and protection |
轲 | Kē | given name of Mencius |
诸子 | zhū zǐ | various sages / refers to the classical schools of thought, e.g. Confucianism 儒[ru2] represented by Confucius 孔子[Kong3 zi3] and Mencius 孟子[Meng4 zi3], Daoism 道[dao4] by Laozi 老子[Lao3 zi3] and Zhuangzi 莊子|庄子[Zhuang1 zi3], Mohism 墨[mo4] by Mozi 墨子[Mo4 zi3], Legalism 法[fa3] by Sunzi 孫子|孙子[Sun1 zi3] and Han Feizi 韓非子|韩非子[Han2 Fei1 zi3], and numerous others |
孔孟 | Kǒng Mèng | Confucius and Mencius |
孟子 | Mèng zǐ | Mencius (c. 372-c. 289 BC), Confucian philosopher second only to Confucius / book of the same name, one of the classics of Confucianism |
舍生取义 | shě shēng qǔ yì | to give up life for righteousness (idiom, from Mencius) / to choose honor over life; would rather sacrifice one's life than one's principles |
失道寡助 | shī dào guǎ zhù | an unjust cause finds little support (idiom, from Mencius) / cf 得道多助[de2 dao4 duo1 zhu4] a just cause attracts much support |
敌众我寡 | dí zhòng wǒ guǎ | multitude of enemies, few friends (idiom from Mencius) / heavily outnumbered / beaten by the weight of numbers |
仁心仁术 | rén xīn rén shù | benevolent heart and skillful execution (idiom, from Mencius); charitable in thought and deed |
引而不发 | yǐn ér bù fā | to pull the bow without shooting (idiom from Mencius); ready and waiting for action / to go through the motions / to practice / a trial run |
一曝十寒 | yī pù shí hán | one day's sun, ten days' frost (idiom, from Mencius); fig. to work for a bit then skimp / sporadic effort / lack of sticking power / short attention span |
孔孟之道 | Kǒng Mèng zhī dào | the teaching of Confucius and Mencius |
解民倒悬 | jiě mín dào xuán | lit. to rescue the people from hanging upside down (idiom, from Mencius); to save the people from dire straits |
为富不仁,为仁不富 | wéi fù bù rén , wéi rén bù fù | (idiom, from Mencius) the rich are not benevolent, and the benevolent are not rich |
性善 | xìng shàn | the theory of Mencius that people are by nature good |
赵岐 | Zhào Qí | Zhao Qi (-201 BC), early Han commentator on Mencius 孟子[Meng4 zi3] |
男女授受不亲 | nán nǚ shòu shòu bù qīn | men and women should not touch hands when they give or receive things (citation, from Mencius) |
鱼与熊掌 | yú yǔ xióng zhǎng | lit. the fish and the bear's paw, you can't have both at the same time (idiom, from Mencius); fig. you must choose one or the other / you can't always get everything you want / you can't have your cake and eat it |
君子远庖厨 | jūn zǐ yuàn páo chú | lit. a nobleman stays clear of the kitchen (idiom, from Mencius) / fig. a nobleman who has seen a living animal cannot bear to see it die, hence he keeps away from the kitchen |
鱼与熊掌不可兼得 | yú yǔ xióng zhǎng bù kě jiān dé | lit. the fish and the bear's paw, you can't have both at the same time (idiom, from Mencius); fig. you must choose one or the other / you can't always get everything you want / you can't have your cake and eat it |