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儒家 jiā Confucian school, founded by Confucius 孔子[Kong3 zi3] (551-479 BC) and Mencius 孟子[Meng4 zi3] (c. 372-c. 289 BC)
孟子 Mèng Mencius (c. 372-c. 289 BC), Confucian philosopher second only to Confucius / book of the same name, one of the classics of Confucianism
舍生取义 shě shēng to give up life for righteousness (idiom, from Mencius) / to choose honor over life; would rather sacrifice one's life than one's principles
取长补短 cháng duǎn lit. use others' strengths to make up for one's weak points (idiom from Mencius) / to use this in place of that / what you lose on the swings, you win on the roundabouts
诸子 zhū various sages / refers to the classical schools of thought, e.g. Confucianism 儒[ru2] represented by Confucius 孔子[Kong3 zi3] and Mencius 孟子[Meng4 zi3], Daoism 道[dao4] by Laozi 老子[Lao3 zi3] and Zhuangzi 莊子|庄子[Zhuang1 zi3], Mohism 墨[mo4] by Mozi 墨子[Mo4 zi3], Legalism 法[fa3] by Sunzi 孫子|孙子[Sun1 zi3] and Han Feizi 韓非子|韩非子[Han2 Fei1 zi3], and numerous others
四书 shū Four Books, namely: the Great Learning 大學|大学, the Doctrine of the Mean 中庸, the Analects of Confucius 論語|论语, and Mencius 孟子
守望相助 shǒu wàng xiāng zhù to keep watch and defend one another (idiom, from Mencius); to join forces to defend against external aggressors / mutual help and protection
given name of Mencius
亚圣 shèng Second Sage, traditional title of Mencius 孟子[Meng4 zi3] in Confucian studies
得道多助,失道寡助 dào duō zhù , shī dào guǎ zhù A just cause attracts much support, an unjust one finds little (idiom, from Mencius)
孔孟 Kǒng Mèng Confucius and Mencius
明察秋毫 míng chá qiū háo lit. seeing clearly the downy feathers of autumn (idiom, from Mencius) / fig. perceptive of even the finest detail
失道寡助 shī dào guǎ zhù an unjust cause finds little support (idiom, from Mencius) / cf 得道多助[de2 dao4 duo1 zhu4] a just cause attracts much support
敌众我寡 zhòng guǎ multitude of enemies, few friends (idiom from Mencius) / heavily outnumbered / beaten by the weight of numbers
仁心仁术 rén xīn rén shù benevolent heart and skillful execution (idiom, from Mencius); charitable in thought and deed
引而不发 yǐn ér to pull the bow without shooting (idiom from Mencius); ready and waiting for action / to go through the motions / to practice / a trial run
孔孟之道 Kǒng Mèng zhī dào the teaching of Confucius and Mencius
一曝十寒 shí hán one day's sun, ten days' frost (idiom, from Mencius); fig. to work for a bit then skimp / sporadic effort / lack of sticking power / short attention span
一暴十寒 shí hán one day's sun, ten days' frost (idiom, from Mencius); fig. to work for a bit then skimp / sporadic effort / short attention span
解民倒悬 jiě mín dào xuán lit. to rescue the people from hanging upside down (idiom, from Mencius); to save the people from dire straits
为富不仁,为仁不富 wéi - rén , wéi rén - (idiom, from Mencius) the rich are not benevolent, and the benevolent are not rich
性善 xìng shàn the theory of Mencius that people are by nature good
赵岐 Zhào Zhao Qi (-201 BC), early Han commentator on Mencius 孟子[Meng4 zi3]
男女授受不亲 nán shòu shòu qīn men and women should not touch hands when they give or receive things (citation, from Mencius)
君子远庖厨 jūn yuàn páo chú lit. a nobleman stays clear of the kitchen (idiom, from Mencius) / fig. a nobleman who has seen a living animal cannot bear to see it die, hence he keeps away from the kitchen


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