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年代 nián dài a decade of a century (e.g. the Sixties) / age / era / period / CL:個|个[ge4]
世纪 shì century / CL:個|个[ge4]
近代 jìn dài the not-very-distant past / modern times, excluding recent decades / (in the context of Chinese history) the period from the Opium Wars until the May 4th Movement (mid-19th century to 1919) / capitalist times (pre-1949)
三国 Sān guó Three Kingdoms period (220-280) in Chinese history / any of several Three Kingdoms periods in Korean history, esp. from 1st century AD to unification under Silla 新羅|新罗[Xin1luo2] in 658
gěng branch / stem / stalk / CL:根[gen1] / to block / to hinder / (neologism that evolved from 哏[gen2], initially in Taiwan, during the first decade of the 21st century) memorable creative idea (joke, catchphrase, meme, neologism, witty remark etc) / prominent feature of a creative work (punchline of a joke, trope in a drama, special ingredient in a dish, riff in a pop song etc)
客家 jiā Hakka ethnic group, a subgroup of the Han that in the 13th century migrated from northern China to the south
倭寇 kòu Japanese pirates (in 16th and 17th century)
国语 Guó Chinese language (Mandarin), emphasizing its national nature / Chinese as a primary or secondary school subject / Chinese in the context of the Nationalist Government / Guoyu, book of historical narrative c. 10th-5th century BC
Shùn Shun (c. 23rd century BC), mythical sage and leader
尔雅 Ěr "Erya" or "The Ready Guide", first extant Chinese dictionary, c. 3rd century BC, with glossaries on classical texts
百年 bǎi nián hundred years / century / lifetime
皮蛋 dàn century egg; preserved egg
长毛 Cháng máo (derog.) the Longhairs (Taiping rebels of the 19th century)
晚清 wǎn Qīng the late Qing / late 19th and early 20th century China
妲己 Daji (c. 11th century BC), concubine of the last Shang dynasty king Zhou Xin 紂辛|纣辛[Zhou4 Xin1]
说文解字 Shuō wén Jiě Shuowen Jiezi, the original Han dynasty Chinese character dictionary with 10,516 entries, authored by Xu Shen 許慎|许慎[Xu3 Shen4] in 2nd century
中叶 zhōng mid- (e.g. mid-century) / middle period
花木兰 Huā lán Hua Mulan, legendary woman warrior (c. fifth century), Northern dynasties folk hero recorded in Sui and Tang literature
侵华 qīn Huá to invade China (referring to 19th century imperialist powers and Japan)
列子 Liè Lie Zi, Daoist author, said to be early Warring States period 戰國|战国[Zhan4 guo2] / Daoist text in eight chapters, said to be by Lie Zi, probably compiled during WeiJin times 魏晉|魏晋[Wei4 Jin4] (3rd century AD)
杏林 xìng lín forest of apricot trees / (fig.) honorific term for fine doctor (cf Dr Dong Feng 董奉[Dong3 Feng4], 3rd century AD, asked his patients to plant apricot trees instead of paying fees)
surname Lu / Luzhou or Lu Prefecture 廬州|庐州[Lu2 Zhou1], a prefecture between the 6th and 13th centuries in present-day Anhui / Mount Lu 廬山|庐山[Lu2 Shan1] in Jiangxi Province
方言 Fāng yán the first Chinese dialect dictionary, edited by Yang Xiong 揚雄|扬雄[Yang2 Xiong2] in 1st century, containing over 9000 characters
Yu the Great (c. 21st century BC), mythical leader who tamed the floods / surname Yu
安南 Ān nán Annam (Tang Dynasty protectorate located in what is now northern Vietnam) / Annam (autonomous kingdom located in what is now northern Vietnam, 10th-15th century) / Annam (central part of Vietnam during the French colonial period) / old name for Vietnam / Annan District in Tainan 臺南|台南[Tai2 nan2], Taiwan / Kofi Annan (1938-2018), UN secretary-general 1997-2006


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