| 柳条湖事件 | Liǔ tiáo Hú Shì jiàn | the Mukden or Manchurian Railway Incident of 18th September 1931 used by the Japanese as a pretext to annex Manchuria / also known as 9-18 incident 九一八事變|九一八事变[Jiu3 Yi1 ba1 Shi4 bian4] |
| 柳条沟事件 | Liǔ tiáo Gōu Shì jiàn | see 柳條湖事件|柳条湖事件[Liu3 tiao2 Hu2 Shi4 jian4] |