| 国耻 | guó chǐ | national humiliation, refers to Japanese incursions into China in the 1930s and 40s, and more especially to Mukden railway incident of 18th September 1931 九一八事變|九一八事变 and subsequent Japanese annexation of Manchuria |
| 柳条湖事件 | Liǔ tiáo Hú Shì jiàn | the Mukden or Manchurian Railway Incident of 18th September 1931 used by the Japanese as a pretext to annex Manchuria / also known as 9-18 incident 九一八事變|九一八事变[Jiu3 Yi1 ba1 Shi4 bian4] |
| 勿忘国耻 | wù wàng guó chǐ | Never forget national humiliation, refers to Mukden railway incident of 18th September 1931 九一八事變|九一八事变 and subsequent Japanese annexation of Manchuria |
| 九一八事变 | Jiǔ Yī bā Shì biàn | the Mukden or Manchurian Railway Incident of 18th September 1931 used by the Japanese as a pretext to annex Manchuria / also known as Liutiaogou incident 柳條溝事變|柳条沟事变 |
| 抗日救亡运动 | Kàng Rì Jiù wáng Yùn dòng | the Save the Nation Anti-Japanese Protest Movement stemming from the Manchurian railway incident of 18th July 1931 九一八事變|九一八事变 |